# JavaScript Bitwise Operators In JavaScript, numbers are stored as 64-bit floating points. Bitwise operators in JavaScript operate on 32-bit operands. Before performing a bitwise operation, JavaScript converts 64-bit floating point numbers into 32-bit signed integers, it then converts the result back to 64-bit numbers. ### Examples of bitwise operators in JavaScript | Operator | Name | Description | | --- | --- | --- | | & | AND | returns 1 if both bits are 1 | | | | OR | | ^ | XOR | returns 1 if only one of the two bits is 1 | | ~ | NOT | Inverts all the bits (1 becomes 0, and 0 becomes 1) | | << | Zero-fill left shift | Shifts left by pushing zeros in from the right and letting the leftmost bits fall off | | >> | Signed right shift | Shift right by pushing copies of the leftmost bit in from the left, and let the rightmost bits fall off | | >>> | Zero-fill right shift | Shifts right by pushing zeros in from the left, and let the rightmost bits fall off | *Note: The maximum integer that is representable through a 32-bit signed number is* ***2147483647*** *and the minimum is* ***\-2147483648*** ## JavaScript Bitwise AND (&) When the JavaScript Bitwise AND operation is performed on a pair of bits, it returns 1 if both bits are 1 otherwise it returns 0. | Operand 1 | Operand 2 | Bitwise AND operation | | --- | --- | --- | | 0 | 0 | 0 | | 0 | 1 | 0 | | 1 | 0 | 0 | | 1 | 1 | 1 | The example below shows the working of the bitwise AND operation between two integers 10 and 6 ```plaintext // From decimal to binary 10 = 00001010 6 = 00000110 // Bitwise AND operation of 10 and 6 00001010 & 00000110 -------- 00000010 = 2 (In decimal) ``` Example of JavaScript Bitwise AND operation ```javascript let x = 10; let y = 6; let result = x & y; console.log(result); // 2 ``` ## JavaScript Bitwise OR (|) When the JavaScript Bitwise OR operation is performed on a pair of bits, it returns 1 if one of the bits is 1 otherwise it returns 0 | Operand 1 | Operand 2 | Bitwise OR Operation | | --- | --- | --- | | 0 | 0 | 0 | | 0 | 1 | 1 | | 1 | 0 | 1 | | 1 | 1 | 1 | The example below shows the working of the bitwise OR operation between two integers 10 and 6 ```plaintext // From decimal to binary 10 = 00001010 6 = 00000110 // Bitwise OR operation of 10 and 6 00001010 | 00000110 -------- 00001110 = 14 (In decimal) ``` Example of JavaScript Bitwise OR operation ```javascript let x = 10; let y = 6; let result = x | y; console.log(result); // 14 ``` ## JavaScript Bitwise XOR (^) When the JavaScript Bitwise XOR operation is performed on a pair of bits, it returns 1 if the corresponding bits are different and returns 0 if they are the same. | Operand 1 | Operand 2 | Bitwise XOR | | --- | --- | --- | | 0 | 0 | 0 | | 0 | 1 | 1 | | 1 | 0 | 1 | | 1 | 1 | 0 | The example below shows the working of the bitwise XOR operation between two integers 10 and 6 ```plaintext // From decimal to binary 10 = 00001010 6 = 00000110 // Bitwise XOR operation of 10 and 6 00001010 ^ 00000110 -------- 00001100 = 12 (In decimal) ``` Example of JavaScript Bitwise XOR operation ```javascript let x = 10; let y = 6; let result = x ^ y; console.log(result); // 12 ``` ## Bitwise NOT (~) The JavaScript Bitwise NOT operator flips the bit (if the bit is 1 it becomes 0, and if the bit is 0, it becomes 1). The example below shows the working of bitwise NOT operation on **6** ```plaintext // From decimal to binary 6 = 00000000000000000000000000000110 // Bitwise NOT operation of 6 ~ 00000000000000000000000000000110 -------------------------------- 11111111111111111111111111111001 = -7 (In decimal) ``` The example below performs a JavaScript Bitwise NOT operation on **6** ```javascript let x = 6; let result = ~x; console.log(result); // -7 ``` ## Bitwise Zero Fill Left Shift << The bitwise zero fill left shift operation push in one or more zero bits from the right and the leftmost bits fall off. The operand before the << operator specifies the number to be shifted, and the operand after the << operator specifies the number of times to shift (number of 0 to be added). The example below shows the working of bitwise zero fill left shift operation of 10 << 2 ```plaintext // From decimal to binary 10 = 00000000000000000000000000001010 // Bitwise Left Shift operation of 10 << 2 << 00000000000000000000000000101000 = 40 (In decimal) ``` The example below performs a JavaScript Bitwise Left Shift operation on **10** and **2** ```javascript let result = 10 << 2; console.log(result); // 40 ``` ## Bitwise Sign Preserving Right Shift >> The bitwise sign preserving right shift operation push in copies of the leftmost bits from the left and the rightmost bits fall off. The operand before the **>>** operator, specify the number to be shifted, and the operand after the **>>** operator specifies the number of times to shift. The example below shows the working of the bitwise Sign Preserving Right Shift operation of **\-10 >> 2** ```plaintext // From decimal to binary -10 = 11111111111111111111111111110110 // Bitwise Sign Preserving Right Shift operation of -10 << 2 << 11111111111111111111111111111101 = -3 (In decimal) ``` The example below performs a JavaScript Bitwise Sign Preserving Right Shift operation on **\-10** and **2** ```javascript let result = -10 >> 2; console.log(result); // -3 ``` ## Bitwise Zero Fill Right Shift >>> The bitwise zero-fill right shift operation push in one or more zero bits from the left and the rightmost bits fall off. The operand before the **>>>** operator specifies the number to be shifted, and the operand after the >**>>** operator specifies the number of times to shift (number of 0 to be added). The example below shows the working of the bitwise Zero Fill Right Shift operation of **10 >>> 2** ```plaintext // From decimal to binary 10 = 00000000000000000000000000001010 // Bitwise Left Shift operation of 10 >>> 2 <<< 00000000000000000000000000000010 = 2 (In decimal) ``` The example below performs a JavaScript Bitwise Zero Fill Right Shift operation on **10** and **2** ```javascript let result = 10 >>> 2; console.log(result); // 2 ``` [Learn more about JavaScript](https://codetutorialz.com/javascript)